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GRE vocabulary

GRE words starting with A

228 GRE-level words that begin with A, each with its part of speech, a plain-English definition, and an example sentence. Tap any word for synonyms, antonyms, and more.

abaseverb

to lower in rank, dignity, or self-respect

abashverb

to make someone feel embarrassed or ashamed

abateverb

to lessen in intensity or amount

abdicateverb

to formally give up power or responsibility

aberrantadjective

departing from what is normal or expected

aberrationnoun

a departure from what is normal, usual, or expected

abeyancenoun

a state of temporary suspension or inactivity

abhorverb

to regard with strong disgust or hatred

abjectadjective

utterly hopeless, humiliated, or servile in condition or spirit

abjureverb

to formally reject or renounce a belief or claim

abnegateverb

to renounce or deny oneself something

abolishverb

to put an end to something formally

aboundverb

to exist or be present in great quantities

abrasiveadjective

harsh or irritating in manner

abreastadverb

side by side and facing the same direction, or up to date with current information

abridgeverb

to shorten a text while keeping its core content

abrogateverb

to abolish or repeal a law or agreement by authority

abscissionnoun

the act of cutting off or separating

abscondverb

to leave secretly to avoid capture or accusation

abstainverb

to deliberately refrain from doing something

abstemiousadjective

marked by moderation, especially in food and drink

abstinencenoun

the practice of restraining oneself from indulgence

abstractadjective

existing as an idea rather than a concrete object

abstruseadjective

difficult to understand; obscure

abstrusenessnoun

the quality of being hard to comprehend

abundantadjective

existing in large quantities; plentiful

abysmaladjective

extremely bad or profound in degree

abyssnoun

a deep, immeasurable chasm or void, often used figuratively for something profound or catastrophic

accedeverb

to agree to a request or demand

acclaimverb

to praise someone or something publicly and enthusiastically

accoladenoun

an expression of praise or a mark of honor

accostverb

to approach and speak to someone boldly or aggressively

accretionnoun

gradual growth or increase by accumulation

acedianoun

a state of spiritual apathy, listlessness, and indifference toward one's duties

acerbicadjective

sharp and biting in tone or expression

acerbitynoun

harshness or bitterness of tone or manner

acidulousadjective

slightly sour in taste or manner; sharp or cutting in tone

acmenoun

the highest point of achievement or perfection

acquiesceverb

to accept or agree to something reluctantly without protest

acquisitiveadjective

eager to acquire and possess things

acquitverb

to free someone from a charge by declaring them not guilty

acridadjective

unpleasantly sharp or harsh in smell or taste

acrimoniousadjective

angry and bitter in tone or nature

acrimonynoun

bitterness or harshness in speech or feeling

activismnoun

the policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change

acuitynoun

sharpness of perception, thought, or insight

acumennoun

keen insight and shrewd judgment

adamantadjective

refusing to be persuaded; utterly unyielding

adamantineadjective

unbreakably hard, firm, and unyielding

addleverb

to confuse or muddle someone's thinking

adeptadjective

highly skilled or proficient at something

adhereverb

to stick firmly to a surface or to follow and support a rule or belief

adherentnoun

a person who supports a particular cause or leader

admonishverb

to warn or reprimand someone firmly

adroitadjective

clever and skillful, especially in handling situations

adulateverb

to praise or admire someone excessively and obsequiously

adulationnoun

excessive admiration or flattery

adulatoryadjective

expressing excessive or servile admiration and praise

adulterateverb

to make impure by adding inferior or harmful substances

adumbrateverb

to outline or foreshadow something faintly

adumbrationnoun

a faint foreshadowing or shadowy outline of something

adventitiousadjective

coming from an outside source or by chance

adverseadjective

harmful or unfavorable to one's interests

advocateverb

to publicly support or recommend a cause or policy

aeonianadjective

lasting for an immeasurably long age, eternal

aerienoun

a lofty nest of an eagle or other bird of prey, or any lofty dwelling or retreat

aesthetenoun

a person who has or affects great sensitivity to beauty, especially in art and literature

aestheticadjective

concerned with beauty or artistic appreciation

affableadjective

friendly, warm, and easy to talk to

affectationnoun

artificial behavior meant to impress

affectedadjective

artificial or insincere in manner

affinitynoun

a natural attraction or close relationship

affluentadjective

having an abundance of wealth

affrontnoun

a deliberate insult or act of disrespect

aggrandizeverb

to increase the power, wealth, or reputation of

aggravateverb

to make a problem or condition worse

aggregatenoun

a whole formed by combining several elements

aggrievedadjective

feeling wronged or treated unfairly

agitateverb

to stir up or disturb, especially emotions or opinion

agogadjective

very eager or curious; in a state of excited anticipation

alacritousadjective

marked by brisk and cheerful eagerness or readiness

alacritynoun

brisk and cheerful eagerness

albeitadverb

though; even though; used to introduce a concession

alchemynoun

a seemingly magical process of transformation

alienateverb

to cause someone to feel isolated or hostile

allayverb

to reduce or relieve fear, worry, or pain

allegationnoun

a claim or assertion that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically one made without proof

allegeverb

to assert something without providing proof

allegiancenoun

loyalty or commitment to a group, cause, or leader

allegorynoun

a story whose characters and events symbolize deeper meanings

alleviateverb

to make suffering or a problem less severe

allocateverb

to distribute resources for a particular purpose

alludeverb

to refer to something indirectly

aloofadjective

distant and emotionally detached

amalgamateverb

to combine or unite into one whole

amaranthineadjective

unfading and undying, eternally beautiful (after the mythical never-fading flower)

amassverb

to gather or accumulate a large quantity

ambagiousadjective

circuitous and roundabout, especially in a way that obscures or evades the point

ambiguousadjective

open to more than one interpretation; unclear

ambitnoun

the range or scope of something

ambivalentadjective

having mixed or contradictory feelings about something

ambrosialadjective

exceptionally pleasing to taste or smell; divinely delicious or fragrant

ameliorateverb

to make a bad situation better

amenableadjective

willing to cooperate or be persuaded

amenitynoun

a feature that provides comfort or convenience

amiableadjective

having a friendly and pleasant disposition

amorphousadjective

lacking a clear shape or structure

amortizeverb

to gradually pay off a debt or reduce the cost of an asset over a set period of time

anachronismnoun

something placed outside its proper historical time

analgesianoun

the inability to feel pain while remaining conscious, or the relief of pain without loss of consciousness

analgesicadjective

relating to or causing the relief of pain without inducing unconsciousness

analogousadjective

similar in a way that allows comparison

anarchynoun

a state of disorder due to absence of authority

anathemanoun

something or someone intensely disliked or detested

ancillaryadjective

providing support; subordinate or supplementary

animadversionnoun

a critical or censorious remark

annealverb

to strengthen or toughen, often through hardship

annulverb

to declare invalid or legally void; to cancel or abolish officially

anodyneadjective

unlikely to cause offense; bland and inoffensive

anointverb

to smear or rub with oil as part of a religious ceremony, or to officially choose someone for a position

anomalousadjective

deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected

anomalynoun

something that deviates from what is standard or expected

antagonizeverb

to provoke hostility or opposition in someone

antecedentnoun

something that comes before and influences what follows

antedateverb

to come before in time

antediluvianadjective

extremely old or outdated

antipathynoun

a strong feeling of dislike or aversion

antiquatedadjective

old-fashioned and no longer useful

antisepticadjective

preventing the growth of disease-causing microorganisms, or so clean as to lack warmth or character

antithesisnoun

the exact opposite of something

antitheticaladjective

directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible

apathynoun

lack of interest, emotion, or concern

aphorismnoun

a concise statement expressing a general truth

aphoristicadjective

expressed in or resembling short, clever, and memorable sayings that convey general truths

aplombnoun

self-confidence and poise in difficult situations

apocryphaladjective

of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated

apostatenoun

a person who abandons a former belief or allegiance

apostlenoun

a vigorous and pioneering advocate or supporter of a particular cause or movement

apothegmnoun

a short, pointed saying that expresses a truth

apotheosisnoun

the highest or most perfect example of something

apparitionnoun

a ghost or ghostlike figure; something remarkable or unexpected that appears suddenly

appeaseverb

to pacify someone by giving in to demands

appellationnoun

a name, title, or designation

appositeadjective

highly relevant and appropriate to the matter at hand

appraiseverb

to assess the value, quality, or nature of something

apprehensionnoun

anxiety or fear about a future event; also, the act of understanding or grasping something mentally

apprehensiveadjective

anxious or fearful about the future

appriseverb

to inform or notify someone of something

approbationnoun

formal approval or praise

appropriateverb

to take something for one's own use, often without permission

aproposadjective

relevant and timely to the situation

aptadjective

appropriate or fitting in the circumstances

aptitudenoun

a natural ability or talent for acquiring a particular skill

aqueousadjective

containing, dissolving in, or relating to water

arableadjective

suitable for growing crops

arbiternoun

a person with the authority to settle a dispute

arbitraryadjective

based on personal whim rather than reason or system

arbitrateverb

to settle a dispute between opposing parties

arcaneadjective

understood by only a few; mysterious

archaicadjective

belonging to an earlier period; old-fashioned

archetypenoun

a typical or original model on which others are based

archipelagonoun

a group or chain of islands

ardentadjective

marked by intense passion or enthusiasm

ardornoun

intense enthusiasm or passion

arduousadjective

requiring great effort; difficult and tiring

aridadjective

extremely dry; lacking moisture or interest

arrantadjective

complete and utter, usually in a negative sense

arrogancenoun

an offensive display of superiority or self-importance

arrogateverb

to claim or seize something without justification

artfuladjective

cunningly clever, often in a sly or manipulative way

articulateadjective

able to express ideas clearly and effectively

artifactnoun

an object made by humans, typically one of cultural or historical interest

artificenoun

clever or cunning trickery to deceive

artlessadjective

without guile or pretense; natural and sincere

artlessnessnoun

the quality of being natural and sincere, free from cunning or guile

ascendancynoun

a position of dominant power or influence

ascendantadjective

rising in power, influence, or status

ascertainverb

to find out or determine something with certainty

asceticadjective

practicing severe self-discipline and abstinence

ascribeverb

to attribute something to a cause or source

asepticadjective

free from contamination by harmful bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms

asperitynoun

harshness of tone or manner

asperseverb

to attack the reputation or integrity of someone with false charges

aspersionnoun

a damaging or disparaging remark about someone

aspersionsnoun

attacks on the reputation or integrity of someone; damaging or derogatory remarks

aspirationnoun

a strong desire or ambition to achieve something, or the act of breathing in

assailverb

to attack violently or with strong criticism

assertverb

to state or maintain something confidently

assessverb

to evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, or value of something

asseverationnoun

the act of declaring something earnestly and solemnly

assiduousadjective

showing great care, attention, and persistence

assimilateverb

to absorb and integrate information or people fully

assuageverb

to ease or relieve an unpleasant feeling

astringentadjective

sharp or severe in manner or effect

astuteadjective

shrewd and perceptive in judgment

atavisticadjective

reverting to an ancestral or primitive type after an absence of generations

athirstadjective

eagerly longing or keenly desirous

atoneverb

to make amends or reparation for a wrong or injury that one has committed

atrophyverb

to waste away or decline from disuse

attentiveadjective

paying close attention to something or someone, or thoughtfully considerate of the needs of others

attenuateverb

to reduce the strength, force, or value of something

attestverb

to provide evidence or confirmation of something

attritionnoun

a gradual reduction in strength or numbers

attunedadjective

responsive to or aware of something; in harmony or accord with

audaciousadjective

showing bold and daring disregard for risk or convention

audacitynoun

bold disregard for normal restraints or risk

augmentverb

to make something greater by adding to it

augurverb

to be a sign of a future outcome

augurynoun

a sign or omen of what is to come

augustadjective

inspiring respect and admiration; dignified

auspiciousadjective

suggesting a favorable outcome; promising

austereadjective

severe or plain in manner or appearance

austeritynoun

sternness or severe simplicity, especially in living

autarkynoun

a condition of economic self-sufficiency and independence from outside trade or control

authoritarianadjective

demanding strict obedience to authority

autocraticadjective

ruling with absolute, unchecked power

autonomousadjective

self-governing and independent

avaricenoun

extreme greed for wealth or material gain

avariciousadjective

extremely greedy for wealth

aververb

to state or assert something to be true with confidence

averseadjective

having a strong dislike or unwillingness

aversionnoun

a strong feeling of dislike or repugnance

avertverb

to prevent something unpleasant from happening; or to turn away one's eyes or thoughts

avidadjective

having keen interest or enthusiasm

avowverb

to declare or admit something openly

avuncularadjective

kind and friendly in the manner of an uncle

axiomnoun

a statement or proposition that is regarded as established, accepted, and self-evidently true

axiomaticadjective

self-evident and requiring no proof

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